A Review of the Research on the Failure Behaviors of Bridge Structures under Impact Loads

DOI: https://doi.org/10.62517/jcte.202506306

Author(s)

Siqin Shi*

Affiliation(s)

China Architecture Design & Research Group, Beijing, China *Corresponding Author

Abstract

Bridge structures are essential facilities for public production and daily life, and the consequences of their failure under different impact loads have focus of research in the field. This paper reviews research advancements in China regarding bridge structures under impact loads, first highlighting the critical role of bridges in connecting regions and supporting socioeconomic activities and the vulnerability to diverse loads. Based on literatures research, this study systematically synthesizes failure behaviors under single loads (including wind, waves, explosions, rockfalls, and vehicles) and coupled multi-loads (such as seismic-debris flow, wind-vehicle, wave-seismic, and explosive-seismic), conducting in-depth analysis of their respective action mechanisms. The conclusions indicate that current research predominantly focuses on single impact loads, while there is insufficient understanding of multi-load coupling mechanisms, especially complex interdisciplinary interactions involving multiple physical fields. Therefore, future studies should emphasize exploring multi-field effects of coupled loads to optimize bridge structural designs and effectively enhance their disaster resistance capabilities.

Keywords

Bridge Structure; Impact Load; Single Load; Multi Load Coupling

References

[1]Zhu Fangyan, Yu Weiguo. Impact of Severe Convective Weather on Work - safety. Jiangsu Emergency Management, 2024(9): 45 - 46. [2]Editorial Office of China Journal of Highway and Transport. Review of Academic Research on Chinese Bridge Engineering・2024. China Journal of Highway and Transport, 2024, 37 (12): 1-160. [3]Yin Guangyao, Chen Qigang. Calculation Method and Application of Flood Load on Super - structure of Railway Simply - supported Beam Bridge. Railway Engineering, 2024, 64(10): 78 - 87. [4]Yang Ming, Guo Xiaoyue, Liu Zhi, et al. Thermal - mechanical Response of Long - span Suspension Bridge Structures under LNG Tanker Fire. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology, 2025, 57(3): 34 - 45. [5]Li Yu, Wang Yang, Tang Jianming, et al. Research Status and Prospect of Calculation Models for Rock - fall Impact on Bridge Piers. Guangdong Highway & Traffic, 2022, 48(2): 28 - 33. [6]Peng Shichao. Study on Static Performance of Curved - bridge Piers under Vehicle Loads. Urban Roads Bridges & Flood Control, 2025, (1): 106 - 109. [7]Huang Yuechao, Zhou Qiang, Wu Hong, et al. Research on Seismic Response of Long - span Suspension Bridges Considering Traveling - wave Effect. World Bridges, 2025, 53(1): 64 - 70. [8]Zeng Haonan, He Peijian, Feng Xia, et al. Review of Research on Debris Flow Impact on Bridge Structures. Highway Transportation Technology, 2024, 40(6): 30-41. [9]Wang Shaoqin, Ma Qin, Xia He, et al. Nonlinear Coupled Vibration Analysis of Wind-train-long-span Suspension Bridge System. Engineering Mechanics, 2016, 33(12): 150-157. [10]Lei Hujun, Lin Zhenrong, Wen Jiasheng, et al. Research on Vehicle-bridge Coupled Vibration of High-speed Railway Cross-sea Cable-stayed Bridge under Combined Wave and Seismic Actions. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2023, 42(24): 16-23. [11]Wang Jingyu, Yuan Wancheng. Numerical Simulation of Bridge Response and Damage under Combined Seismic and Explosive Actions. Journal of Harbin Engineering University, 2020, 41(5): 643-649. [12]Wang Yawei. Study on Coupled Vibration of Seism-Wind-Wave-Vehicle-Bridge Considering Foundation Scour. Southwest Jiaotong University, 2021.