Effects of Non-Gaussian Parameters and Texture Angle on the Hydrodynamic Lubrication of Cross-Hatched Surfaces

DOI: https://doi.org/10.62517/jes.202602133

Author(s)

Miao Liu1, Yawen Fan2,*, Jingfeng Shen1,*

Affiliation(s)

1School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai , China 2Sino-British International College, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China *Corresponding Author

Abstract

After honing, the surfaces of key friction pairs, such as internal combustion engine cylinder liners, exhibit pronounced non-Gaussian distribution characteristics, making it difficult for traditional lubrication models based on Gaussian assumptions to accurately predict their actual tribological performance. To address this issue, a numerical-simulation-based method for surface topography optimization is proposed. A digital simulation framework integrating the Johnson transformation system with a deterministic Reynolds equation solver is established. On the basis of accurate reconstruction of engineering surfaces and decoupling of statistical characteristics, the nonlinear effects of the non-Gaussian parameters, namely skewness and kurtosis, together with texture angle, on hydrodynamic lubrication performance are systematically quantified. The results show that surface skewness is the key parameter governing lubrication performance. When the skewness is Ssk≈-1.0 and the kurtosis is Sku≈4, the surface exhibits an ideal plateau–valley morphology, which enhances the micro-hydrodynamic effect while maintaining optimal oil-retention capacity. In terms of texture orientation, a 60° cross-hatched texture is more likely to form a hydrodynamic convergence center than the conventional 45° texture, thereby providing greater load-carrying potential. In addition, although the optimized non-Gaussian surface exhibits a slightly lower steady-state load-carrying capacity than the Gaussian surface under full-film lubrication, its characteristic deep valleys act as micro oil reservoirs, significantly improving the anti-scuffing robustness of the friction pair under starved or mixed lubrication conditions. This study provides theoretical support for the forward design of surface textures for high-performance friction pairs.

Keywords

Non-Gaussian Surfaces; Hydrodynamic Lubrication; Numerical Simulation; Surface Texturing; Texture Angle

References

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