Review of Graphene Electromagnetic Shielding Applications

DOI: https://doi.org/10.62517/jiem.202603107

Author(s)

Lanxin Zhang

Affiliation(s)

Shashi Middle School, Shashi, Hubei, China

Abstract

With technological advancements, electromagnetic pollution has become an increasingly pressing issue. Graphene, renowned for its high electrical conductivity, exceptional mechanical properties, and unique two-dimensional structure, has emerged as a research hotspot in electromagnetic shielding. This paper introduces the main preparation methods of graphene: chemical vapor deposition (CVD, suitable for large-area high-quality graphene production), supercritical CO₂ exfoliation (high efficiency and yield), redox method (simple operation and low cost but prone to defects), liquid-phase exfoliation (suitable for mass production but solvent-related challenges), and vapor-phase exfoliation (high-quality graphene preparation but costly), with detailed explanations of each method's characteristics. Subsequently, the paper analyzes two primary types of graphene-based electromagnetic shielding materials: nanofill-based composites (such as carbon nanotube/graphene, carbon fiber/graphene, porous carbon fiber/graphene, and graphene-metal composites). Among these, carbon nanotube/graphene composite films demonstrate shielding effectiveness exceeding 40 dB in high-frequency bands, while porous carbon fiber/graphene composites achieve over 30 dB shielding in low-frequency bands (e.g., 1 GHz). Nanoscale structured materials (such as graphene foam, graphene-insulating layer bilayer structures, and composite 3D graphene) also show promise. Graphene foam, with its three-dimensional porous structure, exhibits excellent absorption shielding performance, achieving over 20 dB in high-frequency bands. The graphene-insulating layer bilayer structure can simultaneously realize reflection and absorption, delivering over 30 dB shielding in mid-frequency bands. Additionally, the paper introduces graphene characterization techniques (Raman spectroscopy, AFM, TEM) and electromagnetic shielding performance testing methods (EMSE measurement using vector network analyzers). Finally, the conclusion points out that graphene electromagnetic shielding material has great potential, and its commercial application should be promoted in the future by optimizing the preparation process, doping modification, composite of various materials and paying attention to environmental protection and sustainability to solve the problem of electromagnetic pollution.

Keywords

Graphene; Electromagnetic Shielding Material; Preparation Method; Material Type; Characterization Technology

References

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