Potential Health Risks of Micro-Nanoplastics and Persistent Organic Pollutants: A Review of Exposure Pathways and Toxic Effects_Vol. 3 No. 4 (JMHS 2025)_Journal of Medicine and Health Science (ISSN: 2959-0639)

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Potential Health Risks of Micro-Nanoplastics and Persistent Organic Pollutants: A Review of Exposure Pathways and Toxic Effects

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.62517/jmhs.202505401

Author(s)

Yuanyuan Tan1, Fang Xiao2,*

Affiliation(s)

Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China *Corresponding Author

Abstract

Human exposure to micro-nanoplastics (MNPs) and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) occurs concurrently via ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact. Once inside the body, MNPs may act as carriers for POPs due to their adsorption capacity, potentially enhancing the bioavailability and tissue distribution of these toxic compounds through a "Trojan horse" effect. This interaction can lead to combined toxicological effects—such as inflammatory responses, cellular dysfunction, and metabolic disturbances—that threaten human health. This review critically assesses the combined health impacts of MNP–POP co-exposure, evaluates advanced methodological approaches including in vitro organoid models and multi-omics integration, and identifies key research priorities such as intracellular transport mechanisms and the development of human-relevant risk assessment frameworks. Our goal is to provide a scientific basis for improved health risk assessment and preventive health strategies related to mixed pollutant exposure.

Keywords

Micro-Nanoplastics; Persistent Organic Pollutants; Combined Toxicity; Health Risk; Toxic Mechanisms

References

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